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Stravitelnost krmiv pro kapra obecného
MAREŠ, Josef
This bachelor thesis evaluates the composition and apparent digestibility of various types of fish feed and various ingredients applicable to the feeding of common carp. This bachelor thesis also evaluates the suitability of individual components based on the digestibility of individual nutrients. The results show that the right combination of fish feed improves efficiency, reduces feed consumption and increases growth. Last but not least, the negative impact of feeding on the quality of the aquatic environment should be reduced. This bachelor thesis summarizes existing digestibility values of individual feed ingredients for common carp and then its own experiment, which was very time- consuming. Some already known values have been confirmed and some new information about the content of individual components of feed and their subsequent use has been found. The results for wheat and maize were compared with results of other authors. Triticale, daphnia and chironomidae larvae were used for the first time, so the values could not be compared, nevertheless it could be used as a basic information for further research in this area. The average content of individual cereal parameters were: 16% protein content and 64% digestibility, 2% fat content and 70% digestibility, 74% BNLV content and 74% digestibility. Fiber content 5% and ash content 2% with very low digestibility. Phosphorus content 0.6% and digestibility 30%. Average content of individual parameters for natural foods was: protein content 55% and digestibility 86%, fat content 5% and digestibility 74%, BNLV 20% and digestibility 41 %, fiber content 7% and digestibility 8%, ash content 14% and digestibility 30%, phosphorus content 1.2% and 74% digestibility. The resulting element was to determine the most suitable feed for pond aquaculture. According to the available results, wheat combined with natural food is the best option. Wheat is very energy rich, but has a low protein content. Conversely, natural food is energy rich in easily usable protein. The optimal ratio of natural food to wheat was 0.25:2. With this ratio we can meet the ideal nutritional requirements of common carp (31% digestible protein, 0.6-0.7 % phosphorus, 3200 kcal?kg-1 digestible energy). With the right feed, we are able to reduce the negative impact on water quality and this is one of the main goals for the future.
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Vliv přikrmování upravenými krmnými komponenty v kapřích rybnících na kvalitu vody v recipientech
HLAVÁČ, David
Minimisation of environmental impact is a key factor in insuring the long-term sustainability of the aquacultural industry. Numerous studies have examined nutritional strategies as a means of reducing waste production and minimising the environmental impact of aquacultural waste. To achieve this goal, it is the challenge to the aquacultural industry to develop "environmentally friendly" feeds, feed management and feed production methods to reduce pollution. This applies mainly to pond farming of common carp, which plays an important role in global aquaculture. The objective of this Ph.D. thesis was to evaluate the possibilities of using modified cereals in pond aquaculture. It focused on issues that contribute to a better understanding of the interconnection between fish production, feed quality and applied feeding technologies with respect to water quality, nutrient budget, quality and quantity of natural food.
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Productive efficiency of modified feed in culture of market carp in the storage ponds experiment at Třeboň fisheries.
MELKA, Václav
The aim of this bachelor thesis was to verify the productive efficiency of thermally and mechanically modified wheat in comparison to the non-modified wheat in experimental fish ponds. The experiment was conducted in storage ponds of Třeboň Fisheries Ltd. and took place along 120 days in 8 rectangular ponds. Four treatments were used: thermally wheat, thermally and pressed wheat, non-modified wheat, and control without feeding. Each treatment was run in duplicate. Fish were fed three times a week early in the morning and in the same part of the storage pond. Every month, fish were harvested and some parametres were recorded (weight, length and fat content). Then, fish were restocked. The results of the productive indicators at the end of the experiment have proved a positive influence of thermal and mechanical modifications on the productive efficiency. The highest productive efficiency was achieved by the carps which have been fed by thermally and pressed wheat: Food convertion ration (FCR) was 2.17 - 0.17; Food Convertion efficiency (FCE) was 0.47 - 0.04; and Specific Growth Rate (SGR) was 0.63 - 0.06 %.d-1. Fish fed with thermally treated wheat reached values for FCR of 2.32 - 0.16; FCE of 0.44 - 0.04; and SGR of 0.60 - 0.06 %.d-1. Finally, the lowest productive efficiency was found at the wheat without any modifications (FCR: 2.38 - 0.10; FCE: 0.43 - 0.02; SGR: 0.58 - 0.07%.d-1). Therefore, thermal and mechanical modifications of wheat are positive modifications to improve production efficiency in market carp farming.
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The effect of purging on lipid content and composition of common carp
TRYBULOVSKÝ, Filip
This bachelor's thesis deals with purging of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.), and examines its effect on the content and composition of fatty acids and fat content. The goal of this experiment is to prove that purging has a positive effect on the carp flesh quality; that the progress and result of purging can be influenced by the input fish quality; and determining optimum time for carp purging with regard to the content and composition of fatty acids. The raising of fish was done at the ponds of the Blatenská ryba, spol. s r. o. company. The purging itself took place at the Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters at Vodňany. The fish were divided into three groups according to supplementary feed. The O group was supplementary fed by cereals, the KP group by mixture of KP Len (containing rapeseed and linseed) and the PP group was left with natural diet. The fish were sampled after being placed in the purging pond. This sampling was done on the following days: 0, 14, 28, 42, 56 and 70. The fat and fatty acid analyses were performed by the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences at Uppsala, Sweden. The KP group has demonstrably better composition of fatty acids than the O group, and its total fat content is sufficient also. The PP group also has a good composition of fatty acids, however, its total fat content is too low. The experiment has proven that purging has a positive effect on the flesh quality, if the fish are purged for a certain time period. The optimum time for carp purging, as determined by us in this experiment, is 14 - 21 days, in this period the fish have the excellent composition of omega-3 PUFA, together with a sufficient total fat content.
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The Use of Mechanically Modified Cereals in Semi ? Intensive Culture of Market Carp
VODÁREK, Michal
120 day feeding experiment was executed on the Trebon fishponds in the area of feeding the market carp. The aim was to determine what way of cereals processing will have favorable effects in terms of production efficiency in the mechanical processed cereal by grinding and mashing in comparison with cereal without processing. The theoretical part focuses on the characteristics of natural food, technology feeding, feed distribution and appropriate processing to achieve high growth results in common carp (Cyprinus carpio). The practical part includes the methodology and results of the production parameters of carp fed by triticale without processing, by grinding and mashing. The highest feed efficiency was observed in carps under supplementary by triticale mashed feeding with FCR 0.83; 1.21 kg of FCE and FCR / SGR; 1.05; the highest growth rate was achieved in carp under supplementary by grinded triticale (1,2 mm) feeding with SGR: 0.86 %.d-1.; worse results were observed in carp feeding by triticale without processing: FCR: 1.27; FCE: 0.79 kg; FCR / SGR: 1.61; SGR: 0.79 %.d-1.
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The Composition of Natural Diet of fish in the Lipno Reservoir inlets
SVAČINA, Petr
This bachelor work is dealing with the composition of natural food of fish in the chosen streams. Many samples were taken from five streams during the spring and autumn seasons at the same area called the Šumava Mountains according to PERLA method. The first two streams are called Hamerský and Pestřice. They are the inlets of Lipno reservoir. The next three - Horský, Mlýnský and Bukový belong to the River Danube. Despite of the fact that these streams are situated at the same area and have very similar flows, fish abundancy and the way of farming in their basins differ. These aspects influenced the benthos composition in every single stream and that is why this work should provide survey about the composition and biomass of benthos in particular watercourse. The richest is Mlýnský stream in term of the abundance of benthic organism. By the streams which are parts of basins of Danube river, was the most dominant kind Gammarus Fossarum and Limnius perrisi. By the Lipno reservoir inflows, there were the most numerous may flies (Ephemeroptera), represented mostly by the tribe Baetis (Hamerský stream) and the Trichoptera kind with the dominant Anomallopterygella chauviniana from the Trichoptera group (Pestřice stream). There are some differences of the composition and abundance of benthic groups between streams belonging to basins of Danube river and the streams influent to Lipno reservoir. According to the particularity of index number, Lipno?s streams are similar with the streams influent to Danube river from 23% (Pestřice stream) and from 45% (Hamerský stream).
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FORAGING ADAPTATION RAINBOW TROUT IN NATURAL STREAM
BLINKA, Tomáš
Goal of this study was to evaluate content and quantity of nourishment received by rainbow trout in defined time intervals after stocking to experimental segment of the Blanice river. Determine how fast the trouts raised in artificial breeding will adapt to biotic and abiotic factors in the stream and start ingesting in higher amount their natural nourishment. Rainbow trouts (SL= 266 ? 14 mm, m= 347 ? 54 g) were stocked in number of about a hundred of specimens into three segments of the river Blanice. These segments were connected and the fish were caught by agregat in beforehand determinated intervals. The nourishment of caught fish was analysed afterwards. We discovered that the fish started hunting after their natural prey nearly immediately after stocking. Natural nourishment were in the same amount as in the original fish as soon as three days after stocking. The nourishment of the fish in all monitored period was primarily composed of bentic organisms, according to index of preponderance (%) it was consisted of Caddisflies (Trichoptera) 24%, Mayflies (Ephemeroptera) 19% and the secondary element was composed of bigger terrestric prey as gastropods (Gastropoda) 25%, which got into the stream with rainfall water.
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Semiartificial spawning pikeperch and fingerling-scale reading in Fishery Hluboká
MACÁK, Miroslav
Semiartificial spawning does in fishbastion Cejkovice in the area Ostrov. In the year 2006 was count the produktivity hen fish in a pond 7. After incubation was monitored intensity growth rate fingerling in fingerling pond, next species and size variability natural food and her effect in growth rate. Were writed basic physical and chemistry waters (temperature, pH, content O2). Owing to absence of waters and absence of size fit zooplankton was hunted very little of pikeperch fingerling.
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